Vitamins For Weight Loss? Vitaminer for vægttab?

Americans currently spend billions of dollars every year on weight-loss supplements. Amerikanerne øjeblikket bruger milliarder af dollars hvert år på Vægttab tillæg. Although we would not buy a car or a dinner without knowing a few details, many who purchase these supplements have little or no idea what is in them, or what independent reports say about their safety and effectiveness. Selv om vi ikke ville købe en bil eller en middag uden at vide et par detaljer, mange der køber disse kosttilskud har ringe eller ingen idé om, hvad der er i dem, eller hvad uafhængige rapporter sige om deres sikkerhed og effektivitet.

Even though the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) has charged some companies for using banned ingredients and the FTC (Federal Trade Commission) has successfully prosecuted merchants who made illegal claims, the same products, or almost identical versions, still remain available for the consumer. Selv om FDA (Food and Drug Administration) har anklaget nogle selskaber for at bruge forbudte ingredienser og FTC (Federal Trade Commission) har med held retsforfølges købmænd der gøres ulovligt krav, de samme produkter, eller næsten identiske versioner, stadig er til rådighed for forbrugeren .

Some weight loss supplements contain ingredients which are meant to suppress appetite. Nogle vægttab supplerer indeholde ingredienser, som har til formål at undertrykke appetitten. Caffeine and its herbal counterparts, guarana, bitter orange and yerba maté, also ephedra (ma huang), fall into this category. Koffein og dets plantestoffer modparter, guarana, bitter orange og yerba maté, også ephedra (ma Huang), falder i denne kategori.

Animal studies suggest that they may slightly suppress the appetite, but the limited studies on humans lasted only a few months. Dyreforsøg tyder på, at de måske lidt undertrykke appetitten, men de begrænsede undersøgelser på mennesker varede kun et par måneder. All these ingredients stimulate the nervous system so they generally produce only side effects like headaches, insomnia, raised blood pressure and heart palpitations. Alle disse ingredienser stimulerer nervesystemet, så de normalt producerer kun bivirkninger som hovedpine, søvnløshed, forhøjet blodtryk og hjertebanken.

Deceptive labelling Vildledende mærkning

Product descriptions can be deceptive: Weight-loss supplements labeled ephedra- or “caffeine-free” may contain other ingredients listed earlier in this article, which may pose the same health risks. Varebetegnelser kan være vildledende: Vægttab supplerer stemplet ephedra-eller "koffein-fri" kan indeholde andre ingredienser, der er anført tidligere i denne artikel, som kan udgøre samme sundhedsrisici. Although ephedra (ma huang) has been banned by the FDA, you may still see it included in some supplements. Selvom ephedra (ma Huang) er blevet forbudt af FDA, kan du stadig se den omfattede i nogle tillæg.

In a summary of more than 50 trials, this substance created a 2 - 3.6 fold increase in the risk of psychological, heart and digestive system problems. I en oversigt over mere end 50 forsøg, dette stof skabt en 2 - 3,6 gange stigning i risikoen for psykologisk, hjerte og fordøjelsessystem problemer.

Supplement manufacturers claim that other ingredients promote weight loss by speeding up the body’s metabolism. Tillæg fabrikanter hævder, at andre ingredienser fremme vægttab ved at fremskynde kroppens stofskifte.

For example, EGCG (epigallocatechin gallate), a phyto-chemical found in green tea, is being studied for its potential to reduce the risk of cancer. F.eks EGCG (epigallocatechin gallate), en fytokemiske findes i grøn te, er ved at blive undersøgt for dets potentiale til at mindske risikoen for kræft. Some initial studies suggest it might slightly increase the rate at which calories burn. Nogle indledende undersøgelser tyder på det måske lidt øge den hastighed, hvormed kalorier brænde. Now it can be found in many weight-loss supplements and “weight-loss vitamins.” However, since only very short initial studies have so far been performed, the body might adapt to EGCG, reducing its effect over time. Nu kan findes i mange Vægttab supplerer og "Vægttab vitaminer." Men da kun meget kort indledende undersøgelser har hidtil været udført det organ, der kan tilpasse sig EGCG, reducere dens virkninger over tid.

Furthermore, the weight loss benefit seen with EGCG amounts to about 60 to 70 calories a day. Desuden er vægttab fordel set med EGCG beløber sig til omkring 60 til 70 kalorier om dagen. This small difference is more likely to help prevent gradual yearly weight gain rather than reverse excessive weight gain. Denne lille forskel er mere tilbøjelige til at hjælpe med at forhindre en gradvis årlig vægtøgning snarere end omvendt overdreven vægtstigning.

Third, the effect of EGCG appears to depend on the dosage. Tredje, virkningen af EGCG synes at afhænge af doseringen. Supplements containing 30 to 40 mg of EGCG, commonly seen in these products, may not have the same effect as a dose of over 250 mg used in the studies. Supplements indeholdende 30 til 40 mg EGCG, almindeligvis ses i disse produkter, kan ikke have samme virkning som en dosis på over 250 mg er anvendt i studier.

Few significant effects Kun få væsentlig indvirkning

Supplements may also contain ingredients that producers say will block the absorption of fat or carbohydrates. Supplements kan også indeholde ingredienser, at producenterne siger, vil blokere for optagelsen af fedt og kulhydrater. Chitosan is a common example, and some preliminary studies made it appear promising. Chitosan er et almindeligt eksempel, og nogle foreløbige undersøgelser gjort det vist lovende.

However, several controlled studies found that chitosan had no significant effect on fat absorption. Men flere kontrollerede undersøgelser konstateret, at chitosan ikke havde nogen mærkbar effekt på fedt absorption. In the most recent study, men would need seven months to lose one pound of body fat. I den seneste undersøgelse, mænd skulle syv måneder at tabe en havelåge af kropsfedt. There was no fat loss for women. Der var ingen fedt tab for kvinder.

Another group of ingredients are said to increase the feeling of fullness and decrease eating. En anden gruppe af ingredienser siges at øge følelsen af at fylde og falde spiser. Guar gum appears safe for this purpose, but 11 well-controlled studies demonstrate that it has no benefit as far as weight loss is concerned. Guargummi synes sikkert til dette formål, men 11 vel-kontrollerede undersøgelser viser, at det ikke har nogen gavn så vidt vægttab er berørt.

Psyllium can help control blood sugar and blood cholesterol, but studies do not support its reputed ability to reduce eating and assist weight loss. Psyllium kan hjælpe kontrollere blodsukkeret og blod kolesterol, men viser ikke støtte dens ry evne til at nedbringe spise og bistå vægttab.

There are more than 50 individual supplements and 125 combination products now available for people who wish to lose weight. Der er mere end 50 individuelle tillæg og 125 kombination produkter nu tilgængelig for folk, der ønsker at tabe sig. Yet a Harvard Medical School review of these products that set standards for safety, quality and effectiveness concluded that none of them met all three standards. Endnu en Harvard Medical School gennemgang af disse produkter at fastsætte standarder for sikkerhed, kvalitet og effektivitet konkluderede, at ingen af dem opfyldte alle tre standarder.

Future research may identify some safe and effective ingredients for weight loss, but for the time being it seems smarter to invest instead in walking shoes, a gym membership, or healthier food. Fremtidig forskning kan identificere nogle sikre og effektive ingredienser til vægttab, men for øjeblikket synes det smartere at investere i stedet for gå-sko, en gym-medlemskab, eller sundere mad.

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